13. MIKROBIOTA NORMAL TUBUH MANUSIA
NUR ILMIYATI
NUR ILMIYATI
Manusia secara konstan berhubungan dengan beribu-ribu mikroorganisme. Mikroba tidak hanya terdapat pada lingkungan tetapi juga menghuni tubuh manusia. Mikroba yang secara alamiah menghuni tubuh manusia disebut flora normal atau mikrobiota. Mikrobiota normal tubuh manusia yang sehat perlu diketahui karena alasan sbb:
1. Dapat membantu menduga macam infeksi yang mungkin timbul setelah terjadinya kerusakan jaringan pada situs-situs yang khusus.
2. Memberi petunjuk mengenai kemungkinan sumber dan pentingnya mikroorganisme yang teramati pada beberapa infeksi klinis. Contoh: E. coli tidak berbahaya di dalam usus tetapi bila memasuki kandung kemih akan menyebabkan sistitis
3. Dapat membuat kita menaruh perhatian lebih besar terhadap infeksi yang disebabkan oleh mikroba yang merupakan mikrobiota normal atau asli inang manusia.
Mikroorganisme asli dan manusia sebagai inang.
Kebanyakan mikroba asli di dalam tubuh manusia adalah komensal (+ & 0), tapi ada juga yang mutualistik (+ &+), keuntungan bagi inang Dalam hubungan mutualistik dapat dirangkum sbb:
1. Mikroba adalah pemakan sisa, menggunakan bahan buangan. Banyak Bakteri di dalam usus melakukan hal ini.
2. Banyak bakteri usus dapat mensintesis vitamin B yang utama serta vitamin E dan K. Vitamin ini dihasilkan merupakan sumbangan nyata dari bakteri ke inang yang ditempati.
3. Adanya mikroba asli cenderung meniadakan mikroba patogenik dan dengan demikian berfungsi melindungi inang thd penyakit. Peniadaan ini disebabkan persaingan akan nutrisi atau karena dihasilkannya substansi yang menghambat patogen tersebut. C/ lactobacillus dalam vagina menghasilkan asam yang melindungi dari infeksi gonococcus; E. coli dalam usus menghasilkan kolisin yang melindungi dari bakteri usus yang patogenik.
SPESIES MIKROBA PREDOMINAN YG DIJUMPAI DI BERBAGAI DAERAH ANATOMI MANUSIA
DAERAH MIKROORGANISME % TIMBULNYA
Kulit Staphylococcus epidermidis 85 – 100
S. aureus 5 – 25
Proprionibacterium acnes 45 – 100
Korinebacterium aerobik 55
Hidung & S. epidermidis 90
Nasofaring S. aureus 20 - 85
K. aerobik (difteroid) 5 - 80
Branhammella catarrhalis 12
Haemophilus influenzae 12
Mulut (liur S. epidermidis 75 – 100
& permuka- S. aureus Umum
an gigi) Sterptococcus mitis & S.
α-hemolitik lainnya 100
S. salivarius 100
Peptostreptococcus Banyak
Veilloneila alcalescens 100
Lactobacillus 95
Actinomyces israelii Umum
Haemophilus influenzae 25 – 100
Bacterioides fragilis Umum
B. melaninogenicus Umum
B. oralis Umum
Fusobacterium nucleatum 15 - 90
Candida albicans 6 - 50
Treponema denticola Umum
T. vincentii Umum
Orofaring S. epidermidis 30 - 70
S. aureus 35 - 40
Difteroid 50 - 90
S. pneumoniae 0 - 50
S. - α dan nonhemolitik 25 - 99
Branhammella catarrhalis 10 - 97
Haemophilus influenzae 5 - 20
H. parainfluenzae 20 - 35
Neisseria meningitidis 0 - 15
Jejenum Bakteri Gr+ fakultatif (entero- Jmlnya
coccus, lactobacillus, difteroid) sedikit
Candida albicans 20 - 40
Ileum Enterobacteriaceae Jml nya
Bacteri anaerob Gr- kecil
Colon Bacillus Gr-: B. fragilis; 100
B. melaninogenicus; B. oralis;
Fusobacterium; F. necroforum.
Bacillus Gr+:
-Lactobacillus 20 - 60
-Clostridium perfringer 25 - 35
-Eubacterium limosum 30 - 70
-Bifidobacterium bifidum 30 - 70
Peptosteptococcus Umum
Enterococcus(Str. Kel D) 100
Escherichia coli 100
Klebsiella spp. 40 - 80
Enterobacter spp. 40 - 80
Proteus spp. 5 - 55
Candida albicans 15 - 30
Vagina & Lactobacillus 50 - 75
Serviks Bacteroides spp. 60 - 80
Clostririum spp 15 - 30
Peptostreptococcus 30 - 40
Difteroid 45 - 75
S. epidermidis 35 - 80
Streptococcus kel D 30 - 80
Enterobacteriaceae 18 - 40
Candida albicans 30 - 50
Trichomonas vaginalis 10 - 25
My name is hoover, my 18 years old daughter, Tricia was diagnosed of herpes 3 years ago. ever since then,we have been going from one hospital to the other. We tried all sorts of pills but all efforts to get rid of the virus was futile. The blisters kept on reappearing after some months. My daughter was making use of Acyclovir tablets 200mg. 2 tablets every 6hours and fusitin cream 15grams. and H5 POT. Permanganate with water to be applied 2x a day but all still show no result. So I was on the internet some months back, to sought for any other means of saving my only child. just then, i came across a comment on dr imoloa herbal treatment and decided to give it a try. i contacted the him and he prepared some herbs and sent it to me together with guidelines on how to use the herbs through DHL courier service. my daughter used it as directed dr imoloa and in less than 14days, my daughter regained her health.. You should contact Dr imoloa today directly on his email address for any kind of health challenge; lupus disease, mouth ulcer, mouth cancer, body pain, fever, hepatitis A.B.C., syphilis, diarrhea, HIV/AIDS, Huntington's Disease, back acne, Chronic renal failure, addison disease, Chronic Pain, Crohn's Disease, Cystic Fibrosis, Fibromyalgia, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, fungal nail disease, Lyme Disease, Celia disease, Lymphoma, Major Depression, Malignant Melanoma, Mania, Melorheostosis, Meniere's Disease, Mucopolysaccharidosis , Multiple Sclerosis, Muscular Dystrophy, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Alzheimer's Disease, parkison disease, vaginal cancer, epilepsy, Anxiety Disorders, Autoimmune Disease, Back Pain, Back Sprain, Bipolar Disorder, Brain Tumour, Malignant, Bruxism, Bulimia, Cervical Disk Disease, cardiovascular disease, Neoplasms, chronic respiratory disease, mental and behavioural disorder, Cystic Fibrosis, Hypertension, Diabetes, asthma, Inflammatory autoimmune-mediated arthritis. chronic kidney disease, inflammatory joint disease, impotence, feta alcohol spectrum, Dysthymic Disorder, Eczema, tuberculosis, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, constipation, inflammatory bowel disease. and many more; contact him on email- drimolaherbalmademedicine@gmail.com./ also on whatssap-+2347081986098.
BalasHapusTop 5 casinos with high-tech games - DrMCD
BalasHapusSome of the casinos in 통영 출장마사지 the 용인 출장마사지 U.S. are among 대구광역 출장안마 the first 아산 출장안마 to launch the first 거제 출장마사지 online gambling platform. The company was founded in 2011,